Table 1

Nodes and data types of real-time data collection.

Node type Data type Device used Transmission method
Production Node Equipment status,
Production output
IoT sensors, PLC
controllers
5G network + Edge
computing
Warehouse Node Inventory levels,
Environmental conditions
RFID, Smart
temperature sensors
Wi-Fi + Cloud
computing
Logistics Node Vehicle location, Cargo
condition
GPS, Temperature
control sensors
4G/5G network + Cloud
computing
Supplier Node Raw material availability,
Delivery status
ERP systems, Smart
sensors
5G network + Edge
computing

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