Damage detection in composites by vibrothermography and local resonances

¹ Département d’aérospatiale et mécanique, Université de Liège, LTAS – Vibrations et identification des structures, Chemin des Chevreuils 1, 4000 Liège 1, Belgique
² V2i, Pôle d’Ingénierie des Matériaux de Wallonie, Boulevard de Colonster, 4000 Liège, Belgique

^a Corresponding author: pdemy@doct.ulg.ac.be

Reçu : 27 Novembre 2012
Accepté : 11 Décembre 2012

Abstract

Vibrothermography is an active thermographic technique able to detect singularities like delamination in composite materials. Carbon fibre laminates are increasingly used, especially in aviation industry where defect detection is directly related to safety. Physical causes of the internal heating mechanism linked to defect interaction with the elastic waves may be friction, viscoelastic hysteresis or plasticity. The method can efficiently detect flaws on complex geometries and only requires that both internal faces or edges are free to vibrate. The purpose of this work is to determine the relation between the observed heating right above a delamination by an IR camera and the frequency of a sinusoidal excitation between 8 and 27 kHz. The results clearly show specific heating peaks at certain frequencies. The comparison with local resonance frequencies of the delamination computed by simplified FEM shows similarities with the appearance of heating peaks. An experimental study having as goal to exploit the presence of those peaks and thus to increase the sensitivity of the method shows the interest for a high sweep sinusoidal excitation of the chirp type. The final objective of this research is to set up a serviceable short and reliable vibrothermographic test for non-destructive testing of composite materials.