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Table 2
Effect of the grid size on 
for case 1A and case 4 of Figure 1. The cavity filled with the Cu–water nanofluid (ϕ = 0.05) .
| 63 × 63 | 83 × 83 | 103 × 103 | 123 × 123 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ra | Natural convection (case 1A) R = 0.1 | |||
| 104 | 6.511 | 6.789 | 6.821 | 6.823 |
| 106 | 18.247 | 18.412 | 18.439 | 18.441 |
| Ri (Gr = 102) | Mixed convection (case 4) R = 0.15 | |||
| 0.1 | 11.669 | 11.750 | 11.794 | 11.802 |
| 103 | 9.014 | 9.148 | 9.213 | 9.217 |
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