A novel ball joint wear sensor for low-cost structural health monitoring of off-highway vehicles

D. Castagnetti; A. Bertacchini; A. Spaggiari; A. Lesnjanin; L. Larcher; E. Dragoni; M. Arduini

doi:10.1051/meca/2015025

All issues

Volume 16 / No 5 (2015)

Mechanics & Industry, 16 5 (2015) 507

References

Open Access

Issue		Mechanics & Industry Volume 16, Number 5, 2015


Article Number		507
Number of page(s)		11
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1051/meca/2015025
Published online		08 July 2015

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H. Martins, M. Zucchini, Ball joint pull out simulation using finite element analysis, SAE Technical Paper, 2006 2006-01-2867 [Google Scholar]
N. Durisek, K. Granat, E. Holmes, Analysis of Front Suspension Ball Joint Separations in Motor Vehicle Crashes, SAE Technical Paper 2009 2009-01-0101 [Google Scholar]
S.R. Goodrich, J.M. Roethlisberger, Ball joint with manually operable, sensible wear indicator. Patent No. 3791748, 1974 [Google Scholar]
T. Tajima, T. Tsuji, Pivot joint assembly capable of amplified wear indication, Patent No. 4626121, 1986 [Google Scholar]
G.C. Parker, Device and method for closing a movable socket and establishing a predetermined wear indicator distance. Patent No. 6125541, 2000 [Google Scholar]
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K.F. Dresselhouse Ball joint having service life indicator. Patent No. 5163769, 1992 [Google Scholar]
E. Gunter, Method for monitoring mechanical wear. Patent No. 6868711, 2005 [Google Scholar]
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http://www.ni.com/products/ [Google Scholar]
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A. Bertacchini, G. Napoletano, D. Dondi, L. Larcher, P. Pavan, Optimized Energy-Aware Wireless System for Identification of the Relative Positioning of Articulated Systems in the Free Space Sensors Journal IEEE 14 (2014) 1682–1692 [Google Scholar]

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[1] http://www.moogproblemsolver.com/_pdf_en2/DYK09_101_En.pdf [Google Scholar]

[2] M. Shuster, G. Maughan, R. Arnold, Development of a Maintenance Free Self-Lubricating Ball Joint, SAE Technical Paper, 1999, 1999-01-0036 [Google Scholar]

[3] A.E. Samuel, The Winning Line: A Forensic Engineer’s Casebook, Springer, 2007 [Google Scholar]

[4] E.A. Ossa, C.C. Palacio, M.A. Paniagua, Failure analysis of a car suspension system ball joint, Engineering Failure Analysis 18 (2011) 1388–1394 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[5] K. Baynal, M. Makaraci, K. Gulbudak, Solution for failure analysis of automotive axle knuckle pull-out, Int. J. Automotive Technol. 11 (2010) 701–710 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[6] B.H. Jang, K.H. Lee, Analysis and design of a ball joint, considering manufacturing process, Proc IMechE Part C: J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 18 (2013) 146-151 [Google Scholar]

[7] H. Hirabayashi, K. Terai, A. Matsushima, A study of dust cover seals for ball joint application, SAE Technical Paper 1977 770176 [Google Scholar]

[8] H. Martins, M. Zucchini, Ball joint pull out simulation using finite element analysis, SAE Technical Paper, 2006 2006-01-2867 [Google Scholar]

[9] N. Durisek, K. Granat, E. Holmes, Analysis of Front Suspension Ball Joint Separations in Motor Vehicle Crashes, SAE Technical Paper 2009 2009-01-0101 [Google Scholar]

[10] S.R. Goodrich, J.M. Roethlisberger, Ball joint with manually operable, sensible wear indicator. Patent No. 3791748, 1974 [Google Scholar]

[11] T. Tajima, T. Tsuji, Pivot joint assembly capable of amplified wear indication, Patent No. 4626121, 1986 [Google Scholar]

[12] G.C. Parker, Device and method for closing a movable socket and establishing a predetermined wear indicator distance. Patent No. 6125541, 2000 [Google Scholar]

[13] D.E. Williams, Ball joint assembly with wear indication. Patent No. 7048461, 2006 [Google Scholar]

[14] C.D. Benick, P.E. Jacobson, Ball joint assembly with wear indicating electrical circuit. Patent 2006/0029461 A1, 2006 [Google Scholar]

[15] K. Ulrich, S. Eppinger, Product Design and Development, 5th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, 2011 [Google Scholar]

[16] http://www.elettronica.unimore.it/site/home/technology-transfer/isotractor.html [Google Scholar]

[17] F. Sarghini, G. D’Urso, An Early Warning Device for Identification of Tractor Accidents, Rapid Alert and Assistance, SHWA2010 International Conference on Work Safety and Risk Prevention in Agro-food and Forest Systems, September 16-18, 2010 Ragusa, Italy, pp. 494-500 [Google Scholar]

[18] C. Casazza, V. Rondelli, R. Martelli, A critical evaluation of data collection on tractor rollover accidents in Italy, Proceedings International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, 6–10 July 2014, Zurich, 2014 [Google Scholar]

[19] European Road Safety Charter, http://www.erscharter.eu/en [Google Scholar]

[20] J.R. Myers, K.J. Hendricks, Agricultural tractor overturn deaths: assessment of trends and risk factors, Am. J. Ind. Med . 53 (2009) 662–672 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

[21] National Agricultural Statistics Service. 2006 farm and ranch safety survey. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2008, Report No. Sp Cr 3-1 (1-08) [Google Scholar]

[22] Committee on Agricultural Safety and Health Research and Extension. 2009. Agricultural Equipment on Public Roads. USDA-CSREES, Washington, DC [Google Scholar]

[23] B. Mark, M. Hobelsberger, Switch for a brush wear recording circuit. Patent n. US 2009/0266700 A1, 2009 [Google Scholar]

[24] T.A. Brey, Tire tread wear sensor system. Patent No. 7180409, 2007 [Google Scholar]

[25] C. Benick, P. Jacobson, Ball joint assembly with wear indicating electrical circuit. Patent No. US 2006/0029461 A1, 2006 [Google Scholar]

[26] A. Ciotti Device for indicating caliper pad wear in disc brakes. Patent No. 6272914, 2001 [Google Scholar]

[27] D. Pullini Tire wear monitoring system. Patent No. 7353700, 2008 [Google Scholar]

[28] D.R. Gaines, F.J. Bronco, Wear indicator for ball joints. Patent No. 3960457, 1976 [Google Scholar]

[29] K.F. Dresselhouse Ball joint having service life indicator. Patent No. 5163769, 1992 [Google Scholar]

[30] E. Gunter, Method for monitoring mechanical wear. Patent No. 6868711, 2005 [Google Scholar]

[31] M. Eguchi, Motor having a bearing wear monitoring device, Patent No. 6114966, 2000 [Google Scholar]

[32] G. Flores, H. Reisser H, Lex K. Honing or grinding tool and measuring device for measuring wear. Patent No. 5144773, 1992 [Google Scholar]

[33] R.H. Hammerle, Resistive oil quality sensor. Patent No. 5332961, 1994 [Google Scholar]

[34] H. Kwun, A.S. Birring, G.P. Singh, G.J. Hendrix D.G. Alcazar DG Method of wear monitoring using ultrasonic phase comparison. Patent No. 4711120, 1987 [Google Scholar]

[35] J.D. White, J.R. Clark, L.A. Caron, Vehicle friction material condition measurement system. Patent No. 5559286, 1996 [Google Scholar]

[36] J.D. Hedges, P.J. Voelker, Oil monitoring system. Patent No. 7928741, 2011 [Google Scholar]

[37] J.M. Fildes, R.H. Krueger, Cutting tool wear monitor. Patent No. 4694686, 1987 [Google Scholar]

[38] http://www.loctite-kleje.pl/sg_obrazki_/00002363_zalac_003.pdf [Google Scholar]

[39] Japanese Automobile Standard, Bench Test Procedures of Suspension Ball Joint for Independent Type, JASO C615-89, 1989 [Google Scholar]

[40] http://www.ni.com/products/ [Google Scholar]

[41] http://www.argotractors.com/it/ [Google Scholar]

[42] A. Bertacchini, G. Napoletano, D. Dondi, L. Larcher, P. Pavan, Optimized Energy-Aware Wireless System for Identification of the Relative Positioning of Articulated Systems in the Free Space Sensors Journal IEEE 14 (2014) 1682–1692 [Google Scholar]